Destination · Planet
Mars
Every figure on this page is counted from the committed mission records that name Mars as a destination. None of them is maintained by hand.
Ephemeris committed
Body record
What the catalog records about Mars
- Body type
- Planet
- Orbits
- Sun
- Mean radius
- 3,396 km
- Mean distance from the Sun
- 227,900,000 km
- Position in the explorer
- Computed from a committed ephemeris
Fields this body’s record does not carry are left out entirely rather than filled in with a placeholder or a zero.
Derived figures
Missions to Mars
- Committed missions
- 55
- First launch
- Latest launch
- Concluded missions
- 46
- Recorded a success
- 17
- Success rate
- 37%
Active missions are excluded from the success rate: a live mission has no outcome yet, so counting it would report a rate the records do not support. 9 of the 55 records are still active, leaving 46 concluded. A partial success is a distinct recorded outcome, so it is not counted in the numerator, but it stays in the denominator.
| Decade | Missions launched |
|---|---|
| 1960s | |
| 1970s | |
| 1980s | |
| 1990s | |
| 2000s | |
| 2010s | |
| 2020s |
Who went
Agencies
A joint mission is counted under every agency its record lists, so these figures need not add up to 55.
What they did
Mission types
- Orbiter
- 32
- Lander
- 21
- Flyby
- 18
- Rover
- 6
- Technology demonstrator
- 3
- Impactor
- 2
- Sample return
- 1
A mission can carry several types, so these figures need not add up either. Types no mission here carries are omitted.
How they ended
Outcomes
- Success
- 17
- Partial success
- 10
- Failure
- 19
- Active
- 9
Which ones
Every committed mission to Mars
Every record counted above, in launch order — earliest first, with missions that share a launch date ordered by name.
- Mars 1960A
- Mars 1960B
- Sputnik 22
- Mars 1
- Sputnik 24
- Mariner 3
- Mariner 4
- Zond 2
- Mariner 6
- Mariner 7
- Mars 1969A
- Mars 1969B
- Mariner 8
- Cosmos 419
- Mars 2
- Mars 3
- Mariner 9
- Mars 4
- Mars 5
- Mars 6
- Mars 7
- Viking 1
- Viking 2
- Phobos 1
- Phobos 2
- Mars Observer
- Mars Global Surveyor
- Mars 96
- Mars Pathfinder
- Nozomi
- Mars Climate Orbiter
- Deep Space 2
- Mars Polar Lander
- 2001 Mars Odyssey
- Mars Express
- Spirit
- Opportunity
- Rosetta
- Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
- Phoenix
- Dawn
- Phobos-Grunt
- Yinghuo-1
- Mars Science Laboratory
- Mangalyaan
- MAVEN
- ExoMars 2016
- InSight
- MarCO
- Emirates Mars Mission (Hope)
- Tianwen 1
- Mars 2020
- Psyche
- Europa Clipper
- EscaPADE
Keep going
These records in the directory
The directory's Mars destination filter selects exactly the records counted above.
View all 55 Mars missionsThe explorer draws a flight path only where a trajectory dataset is committed.
Draw the 1 mission with a committed trajectory