Explore Earth in the Solar System →
Destination · Planet
Earth
Explore Earth and the missions that include it in their destination lists. A target in a mission plan does not mean the spacecraft has arrived.
Ephemeris committed
Body record
What the catalog records about Earth
- Body type
- Planet
- Orbits
- Sun
- Mean radius
- 6,378 km
- Mean distance from the Sun
- 149,700,000 km
- Position in the explorer
- Computed from a committed ephemeris
Fields this body’s record does not carry are left out entirely rather than filled in with a placeholder or a zero.
Derived figures
Missions to Earth
- Committed missions
- 19
- First launch
- Latest launch
- Concluded missions
- 11
- Recorded a success
- 9
- Success rate
- 82%
Active missions are excluded from the success rate: a live mission has no outcome yet, so counting it would report a rate the records do not support. 8 of the 19 records are still active, leaving 11 concluded. A partial success is a distinct recorded outcome, so it is not counted in the numerator, but it stays in the denominator.
| Decade | Missions launched |
|---|---|
| 1980s | |
| 1990s | |
| 2000s | |
| 2010s | |
| 2020s |
Who went
Agencies
A joint mission is counted under every agency its record lists, so these figures need not add up to 19.
What they did
Mission types
- Flyby
- 11
- Orbiter
- 11
- Sample return
- 5
- Lander
- 3
- Atmospheric probe
- 2
- Observatory
- 1
- Technology demonstrator
- 1
A mission can carry several types, so these figures need not add up either. Types no mission here carries are omitted.
How they ended
Outcomes
- Success
- 9
- Partial success
- 0
- Failure
- 2
- Active
- 8
Which ones
Every committed mission to Earth
Every record counted above, in launch order — earliest first, with missions that share a launch date ordered by name.
Keep going
These records in the directory
The directory's destination filter is a category taxonomy, and it has no Earth key: these records are filed under other alongside every other body of that kind. This page is where the catalog counts Earth on its own.
View the 23 missions filed under otherThe explorer draws a flight path only where a trajectory dataset is committed. Mission inspection shows one spacecraft at a time, so this link opens the earliest available mission.
Draw 1 of the 14 missions with a committed trajectory